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<title>Messier 109</title>

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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Messier 109</span></h1>

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</style><div id="coordinates" class="coordinates"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/skyhack.php?ra=11.96&de=53.374444444444&size=0.13833333333333&name=Messier+109&object=Messier%20109&viz1=MCG%252B09-20-044&viz2=PGC%252B37617&viz3=UGC%252B6937&viz5=IRAS%252B11549%252B5339&_globe:=">Datenbanklinks zu Messier 109</a></div>

<th colspan="2" class="ibheader">Galaxie<br><span style="font-size:111%;">Messier 109</span>

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<td colspan="2" class="ibheader" style="border-top:0; white-space:normal;">{{{Kartentext}}}

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<td colspan="2" class="ibimgtxt"><a href="Sloan_Digital_Sky_Survey" title="Sloan Digital Sky Survey">SDSS</a>-Aufnahme

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<td colspan="2" class="ibheader"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aladin.cds.unistra.fr/AladinLite/?target=11%2057%2036.0%20%2B53%2022%2028&fov=0.13833333333333&survey=CDS%2FP%2FDSS2%2Fcolor">AladinLite</a>

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Sternbild" title="Sternbild">Sternbild</a>

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<td><a href="Gro%C3%9Fer_B%C3%A4r" title="Großer Bär">Großer Bär</a>

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<td colspan="2" class="ibheader"><b>Position</b><br><small><a href="%C3%84quinoktium" title="Äquinoktium">Äquinoktium</a>: <a href="J2000.0" class="mw-redirect" title="J2000.0">J2000.0</a>, <a href="Epoche_(Astronomie)" title="Epoche (Astronomie)">Epoche</a>: J2000.0</small>

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Rektaszension" title="Rektaszension">Rektaszension</a>

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Deklination_(Astronomie)" title="Deklination (Astronomie)">Deklination</a>

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<th colspan="2" class="ibheader">Erscheinungsbild

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Hubble-Sequenz" title="Hubble-Sequenz">Morphologischer Typ</a>

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<td>SB(rs)bc / <a href="LINER" class="mw-redirect" title="LINER">LINER</a> / HII<sup id="cite_ref-NED_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NED-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Scheinbare_Helligkeit" title="Scheinbare Helligkeit">Helligkeit</a> <small>(visuell)</small>

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Scheinbare_Helligkeit" title="Scheinbare Helligkeit">Helligkeit</a> <small>(B-Band)</small>

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Scheinbare_Gr%C3%B6%C3%9Fe" title="Scheinbare Größe">Winkelausdehnung</a>

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Positionswinkel" title="Positionswinkel">Positionswinkel</a>

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Bahnneigung" title="Bahnneigung">Inklination</a>

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<td>57°

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Fl%C3%A4chenhelligkeit" title="Flächenhelligkeit">Flächenhelligkeit</a>

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<td>13,4 mag/arcmin²<sup id="cite_ref-SEDS_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SEDS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<th colspan="2" class="ibheader">Physikalische Daten

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Galaxienhaufen" title="Galaxienhaufen">Zugehörigkeit</a>

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Rotverschiebung" title="Rotverschiebung">Rotverschiebung</a>

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Radialgeschwindigkeit" title="Radialgeschwindigkeit">Radialgeschwindigkeit</a>

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Hubble-Konstante" title="Hubble-Konstante">Hubbledistanz</a><br><i>H<sub>0</sub> = 73 km/(s • Mpc)</i>

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</style>(50 ± 4)<span class="numericFormat-multiply" style="background-color:var(--color-base, #202122)">e</span><span class="numericFormat-10"><sup>6</sup></span></span> <a href="Lichtjahr" title="Lichtjahr">Lj</a></span><br><span style="font-size:90%">(15,4 ± 1,1) <a href="Parsec" title="Parsec">Mpc</a> <sup id="cite_ref-NED_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NED-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Absolute_Helligkeit" title="Absolute Helligkeit">Absolute Helligkeit</a>

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<td>mag

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<td class="ibleft">Masse

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<td class="ibleft">Durchmesser

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<td>110.000 Lj

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<td class="ibleft"><a href="Metallizit%C3%A4t" title="Metallizität">Metallizität</a> [Fe/H]

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<td>{{{Metallizität}}}

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<th colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC; color:#202122;"><a href="Liste_der_Entdecker_des_NGC/IC-Katalogs" class="mw-redirect" title="Liste der Entdecker des NGC/IC-Katalogs">Geschichte</a>

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<td class="ibleft">Entdeckung

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<td style="white-space:normal;">Pierre Méchain

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<td class="ibleft">Entdeckungsdatum

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<td>12. März 1781

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<th colspan="2" class="ibheader"><a href="Liste_astronomischer_Kataloge" title="Liste astronomischer Kataloge">Katalogbezeichnungen</a>

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<td colspan="2" style="white-space:normal;"><a href="Messier-Katalog" title="Messier-Katalog">M</a> 109 • <a href="New_General_Catalogue" title="New General Catalogue">NGC</a> 3992 • <a href="Uppsala_General_Catalogue" title="Uppsala General Catalogue">UGC</a> 6937 • <a href="Principal_Galaxies_Catalogue" title="Principal Galaxies Catalogue">PGC</a> 37617 • <a href="Catalogue_of_Galaxies_and_of_Clusters_of_Galaxies" title="Catalogue of Galaxies and of Clusters of Galaxies">CGCG</a> 269-23 • <a href="Morphological_Catalogue_of_Galaxies" title="Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies">MCG</a> +09-20-044 • <a href="Infrared_Astronomical_Satellite" title="Infrared Astronomical Satellite">IRAS</a> 11549+5339 • <a href="Two_Micron_All_Sky_Survey" title="Two Micron All Sky Survey">2MASX</a> J11573598+5322282 • <a href="General_Catalogue_of_Nebulae_and_Clusters" title="General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters">GC</a> 2635 • <a href="Liste_astronomischer_Kataloge" title="Liste astronomischer Kataloge">H</a> IV 61 • <a href="Liste_astronomischer_Kataloge" title="Liste astronomischer Kataloge">h</a> 1030 •

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<p><b>Messier 109 = NGC 3992</b> ist eine <a href="Balken-Spiralgalaxie" class="mw-redirect" title="Balken-Spiralgalaxie">Balken-Spiralgalaxie</a> vom <a href="Hubble-Typ" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubble-Typ">Hubble-Typ</a> SBbc im <a href="Sternbild" title="Sternbild">Sternbild</a> <a href="Gro%C3%9Fer_B%C3%A4r" title="Großer Bär">Großer Bär</a>. Sie ist schätzungsweise 50 Millionen <a href="Lichtjahr" title="Lichtjahr">Lichtjahre</a> von der <a href="Milchstra%C3%9Fe" title="Milchstraße">Milchstraße</a> entfernt und hat einen Durchmesser von etwa 110.000 Lichtjahren.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschichte">Geschichte</h2></div>

<p>Messier 109 wurde am <a href="12._M%C3%A4rz" title="12. März">12. März</a> <a href="1781" title="1781">1781</a> von dem französischen <a href="Astronom" title="Astronom">Astronomen</a> <a href="Pierre_M%C3%A9chain" title="Pierre Méchain">Pierre Méchain</a> entdeckt und 1953 von <a href="Owen_Gingerich" title="Owen Gingerich">Owen Gingerich</a> dem <a href="Messier-Katalog" title="Messier-Katalog">Messier-Katalog</a> hinzugefügt.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beschreibung">Beschreibung</h2></div>

<p>M109 ist die hellste <a href="Galaxie" title="Galaxie">Galaxie</a> der <a href="M109-Gruppe" title="M109-Gruppe">M109-Gruppe</a>, einer großen <a href="Galaxiengruppe" title="Galaxiengruppe">Galaxiengruppe</a> im <a href="Sternbild" title="Sternbild">Sternbild</a> des <a href="Gro%C3%9Fer_B%C3%A4r" title="Großer Bär">Großen Bären</a>, die über 50 Galaxien enthält.<sup id="cite_ref-nbg_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbg-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fouqueetal1992_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fouqueetal1992-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-garcia1993_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-garcia1993-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-giuricinetal2002_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-giuricinetal2002-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Im März 1956 wurde die <a href="Supernova" title="Supernova">Supernova</a> 1956A als bisher einzige in dieser Galaxie entdeckt. Die Supernova war vom Typ Ia und erschien im südöstlichen Teil der Galaxie mit einer maximalen <a href="Scheinbare_Helligkeit" title="Scheinbare Helligkeit">Magnitude</a> von 12,8<sup>m</sup> bis 12,3<sup>m</sup>.

</p><p>M109 besitzt mindestens die drei <a href="Satellit_(Astronomie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Satellit (Astronomie)">Satellitengalaxien</a> UGC 6923, UGC 6940 und UGC 6969. Die <a href="H-I-Gebiet" title="H-I-Gebiet">H-I-Gebiete</a> von M109 sind gleichmäßig mit nur geringer Ausdehnung über die Scheibe hinaus verteilt, genau in der Region des Balkens befindet sich ein Loch in der Gasverteilung der H-I-Gebiete.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siehe_auch">Siehe auch</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="Messier-Katalog" title="Messier-Katalog">Messier-Katalog</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>

<ul><li>König, Michael & Binnewies, Stefan (2019): <i>Bildatlas der Galaxien: Die Astrophysik hinter den Astrofotografien</i>, Stuttgart: Kosmos, S. 143</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>

<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Messier_109?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Messier 109</a></span></b> – Album mit Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://messier.seds.org/m/m109.html">Messier 109, SEDS Messier-Seiten</a></li>

<li><a href="Spektrum.de" title="Spektrum.de">Spektrum</a>.de: Amateuraufnahmen <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.spektrum.de/alias/wunder-des-weltalls/messier-109/1648574">[1]</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>

<li id="cite_note-NED-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NED_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NED_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NED_1-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NED_1-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NED_1-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NED_1-5">f</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?objname=NGC+3992&extend=no&hconst=73&omegam=0.27&omegav=0.73&corr_z=1&out_csys=Equatorial&out_equinox=J2000.0&obj_sort=RA+or+Longitude&of=pre_text&zv_breaker=30000.0&list_limit=5&img_stamp=YES">NASA/IPAC EXTRAGALACTIC DATABASE</a></span>

</li>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webviz.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-6?-out.form=%2bH&-source=41000047&-out.all&-corr=PFK=LGG&-out.max=9999&LGG=258">VizieR</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc39a.htm#3992">Seligman</a></span>

</li>

<span class="book">R. B. Tully: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Nearby Galaxies Catalog</cite>. <a href="Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 1988, ISBN 0-521-35299-1 (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Messier+109&rft.au=R.+B.+Tully&rft.btitle=Nearby+Galaxies+Catalog&rft.date=1988&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0521352991&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press" style="display:none"> </span></span></span>

</li>

P. Fouque, E. Gourgoulhon, P. Chamaraux, G. Paturel: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Groups of galaxies within 80 Mpc. II - The catalogue of groups and group members</cite>. In: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement</cite>. 93. Jahrgang, 1992, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>211–233</span>, <a href="Bibcode" title="Bibcode">bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992A&AS...93..211F">1992A&AS...93..211F</a> (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Messier+109&rft.atitle=Groups+of+galaxies+within+80+Mpc.+II+-+The+catalogue+of+groups+and+group+members&rft.au=P.+Fouque%2C%26%2332%3BE.+Gourgoulhon%2C+P.+Chamaraux%2C+...&rft.btitle=Astronomy+and+Astrophysics+Supplement&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=211-233&rft.volume=93.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>

</li>

A. Garcia: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">General study of group membership. II - Determination of nearby groups</cite>. In: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement</cite>. 100. Jahrgang, 1993, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>47–90</span>, <a href="Bibcode" title="Bibcode">bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993A&AS..100...47G">1993A&AS..100...47G</a> (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Messier+109&rft.atitle=General+study+of+group+membership.+II+-+Determination+of+nearby+groups&rft.au=A.+Garcia&rft.btitle=Astronomy+and+Astrophysics+Supplement&rft.date=1993&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=47-90&rft.volume=100.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>

</li>

G. Giuricin, C. Marinoni, L. Ceriani, A. Pisani: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Nearby Optical Galaxies: Selection of the Sample and Identification of Groups</cite>. In: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic"><a href="Astrophysical_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrophysical Journal">Astrophysical Journal</a></cite>. 543. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, 2000, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>178–194</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/317070">10.1086/317070</a></span>, <a href="ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arxiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0001140">astro-ph/0001140</a>, <a href="Bibcode" title="Bibcode">bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000ApJ...543..178G">2000ApJ...543..178G</a> (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Messier+109&rft.atitle=Nearby+Optical+Galaxies%3A+Selection+of+the+Sample+and+Identification+of+Groups&rft.au=G.+Giuricin%2C%26%2332%3BC.+Marinoni%2C+L.+Ceriani%2C+...&rft.date=2000&rft.doi=10.1086%2F317070&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Astrophysical+Journal&rft.pages=178-194&rft.volume=543.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>

</li>

Roelof Bottema, Verheijen: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Dark and luminous matter in the NGC 3992 group of galaxies</cite>. In: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic"><a href="Astronomy_and_Astrophysics" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomy and Astrophysics">Astronomy and Astrophysics</a></cite>. 388. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>3</span>, 2002, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>793</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361%3A20020539">10.1051/0004-6361:20020539</a></span>, <a href="ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arxiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0204335">astro-ph/0204335</a>, <a href="Bibcode" title="Bibcode">bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002A&A...388..793B">2002A&A...388..793B</a> (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Messier+109&rft.atitle=Dark+and+luminous+matter+in+the+NGC+3992+group+of+galaxies&rft.au=Roelof%26%2332%3BBottema%2C%26%2332%3BVerheijen&rft.date=2002&rft.doi=10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A20020539&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&rft.pages=793&rft.volume=388.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>

</li>

</ol>

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<div class="klappleiste-kopf"><a href="Messier-Katalog" title="Messier-Katalog">Messierobjekte</a></div>

<tbody><tr><td>Vorgänger im Katalog: <b><a href="Messier_108" title="Messier 108">M 108</a></b></td><td>Messier 109</td><td>Nachfolger im Katalog: <b><a href="Messier_110" title="Messier 110">M 110</a></b></td></tr></tbody></table>

<hr>

<p><i>Bildauswahl. Bitte das gewünschte Objekt anklicken</i>

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</div>

</div></div></div>

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<div class="klappleiste-kopf">Im <a href="New_General_Catalogue" title="New General Catalogue">New General Catalogue</a> (NGC) benachbarte Objekte</div>

<p><a href="Liste_der_NGC-Objekte" title="Liste der NGC-Objekte">Gesamtliste</a><br>

</p>

<hr>

<p><a href="NGC_3968" title="NGC 3968">NGC 3968</a> |

<a href="NGC_3969" title="NGC 3969">NGC 3969</a> |

<a href="NGC_3970" title="NGC 3970">NGC 3970</a> |

<a href="NGC_3971" title="NGC 3971">NGC 3971</a> |

<a href="NGC_3972" title="NGC 3972">NGC 3972</a> |

<a href="NGC_3973" title="NGC 3973">NGC 3973</a> |

<a href="NGC_3974" title="NGC 3974">NGC 3974</a> |

<a href="NGC_3975" title="NGC 3975">NGC 3975</a> |

<a href="NGC_3976" title="NGC 3976">NGC 3976</a> |

<a href="NGC_3977" title="NGC 3977">NGC 3977</a> |

<a href="NGC_3978" title="NGC 3978">NGC 3978</a> |

<a href="NGC_3979" title="NGC 3979">NGC 3979</a> |

<a href="NGC_3980" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 3980">NGC 3980</a> |

<a href="NGC_3981" title="NGC 3981">NGC 3981</a> |

<a href="NGC_3982" title="NGC 3982">NGC 3982</a> |

<a href="NGC_3983" title="NGC 3983">NGC 3983</a> |

<a href="NGC_3984" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 3984">NGC 3984</a> |

<a href="NGC_3985" title="NGC 3985">NGC 3985</a> |

<a href="NGC_3986" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 3986">NGC 3986</a> |

<a href="NGC_3987" title="NGC 3987">NGC 3987</a> |

<a href="NGC_3988" title="NGC 3988">NGC 3988</a> |

<a href="NGC_3989" title="NGC 3989">NGC 3989</a> |

<a href="NGC_3990" title="NGC 3990">NGC 3990</a> |

<a href="NGC_3991" title="NGC 3991">NGC 3991</a> |

<b>NGC 3992</b> |

<a href="NGC_3993" title="NGC 3993">NGC 3993</a> |

<a href="NGC_3994" title="NGC 3994">NGC 3994</a> |

<a href="NGC_3995" title="NGC 3995">NGC 3995</a> |

<a href="NGC_3996" title="NGC 3996">NGC 3996</a> |

<a href="NGC_3997" title="NGC 3997">NGC 3997</a> |

<a href="NGC_3998" title="NGC 3998">NGC 3998</a> |

<a href="NGC_3999" title="NGC 3999">NGC 3999</a> |

<a href="NGC_4000" title="NGC 4000">NGC 4000</a> |

<a href="NGC_4001" title="NGC 4001">NGC 4001</a> |

<a href="NGC_4002" title="NGC 4002">NGC 4002</a> |

<a href="NGC_4003" title="NGC 4003">NGC 4003</a> |

<a href="NGC_4004" title="NGC 4004">NGC 4004</a> |

<a href="NGC_4005" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 4005">NGC 4005</a> |

<a href="NGC_4006" title="NGC 4006">NGC 4006</a> |

<a href="NGC_4007" title="NGC 4007">NGC 4007</a> |

<a href="NGC_4008" title="NGC 4008">NGC 4008</a> |

<a href="NGC_4009" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 4009">NGC 4009</a> |

<a href="NGC_4010" title="NGC 4010">NGC 4010</a> |

<a href="NGC_4011" title="NGC 4011">NGC 4011</a> |

<a href="NGC_4012" title="NGC 4012">NGC 4012</a> |

<a href="NGC_4013" title="NGC 4013">NGC 4013</a> |

<a href="NGC_4014" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 4014">NGC 4014</a> |

<a href="NGC_4015" title="NGC 4015">NGC 4015</a> |

<a href="NGC_4016" title="NGC 4016">NGC 4016</a> |

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